jitsbuild-yaxis [Bukobot 3D Printer Instructions & Docs]

**jit's build:  Y axis**

(Go back up to [[jitsbuild|jit's build]])

Find these:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-axis-subassemblies.png}}

The three metal parts on the left will be shorter if you have a 5" model.

Start with the Y front end (the printed part without the motor).  Loosen the two M5 screws until the nuts are flush with the ends of the screws, and then loosen them a bit more (but not enough so that the screws fall out of the nuts).  Insert the aluminum extrusion the only place it can go (check image below for which end to use) and slide it all the way in.  You may have to adjust the height of the nuts to clear the edges of the channel.  When the extrusion is fully inserted, tighten the screws.

Do the same thing with the Y back end.  Be careful that you don't damage the endstop or its wires, if you have already installed it.

Bottom view:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-axis-bottomview-norods.png}}

Top view:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-axis-topview-norods.png}}

[[wiki:clean-and-lubricate|Clean and lubricate]] the two steel rods.  Pop two linear bearings out of their holders on the Y carriage, and insert one of the rods through them.  Move the bearings apart a bit;  you can use them as a handle when handling the rods in the next step, which helps to keep the rods and your hands cleaner.  Do the same for the other rod.

Install the rods under the fender washers, using whichever technique works best for you.  You may have to loosen the fender washer screws;  don't lose the nuts on the other end.

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-axis-withrods.png}}

Loosen the bearing holder screws a bit on the Y carriage, so the holders can be rotated.  Snap the carriage in place, and check that it moves smoothly:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-axis-nocable.png}}

Peek under the carriage and check that there is plenty of clearance between the bottom of the tensioners and the aluminum extrusion.

Make sure all of the linear bearings are fully inserted into their holders.  When everything is well aligned, carefully tighten the holder screws without rotating them.  Check once again that movement is smooth.

Next, we install the Y axis synchromesh cable.

Get one of the synchromesh cables, and find that last tiny part from the Y tensioner sub-kit.

Remove the Y carriage, and turn it upside down.  Place the small semicircular Y tensioner on the end of the Y tensioner screw, and retract the screw until the Y tensioner is fully retracted:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner1.png}}

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner2.png}}

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner3.png}}

At this point, pick up the carriage by one rail and let the carriage, and the big loop of cable, dangle.  The big loop should be flat.  If it is pretzel shaped, or saddle-shaped, then it is twisted.  Pull the cable back out of the part on the right and take the twist out, then re-insert it.  The cable should be dangling in a plane.

Insert the free end through the last tensioner hole, leaving a loop big enough to grab:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner4.png}}

Snap the carriage onto one rail, as shown below.  The carriage will be acting as an outrigger and will try to tilt the whole arrangement over, so support the far end of the carriage with some object.  Arrange the cable as shown.

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner5.png}}

Take the slack out by pulling it through the tensioner into the smaller loop.  Make sure the cable goes onto the two pulleys;  you only need enough tension right now to keep the cable on the pulleys.  If the smaller loop gets out of hand, shrink it by pulling excess cable through the tensioner;  the free end of the cable will be getting rather long by now.

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner6.png}}

Rotate the carriage over and snap in the two remaining linear bearings.  Make sure all four bearings are fully seated.

Take in more slack, keeping the cable on the pulleys.  Peek under the carriage and make sure the cable is still seated on the small semicircular part.  Carefully examine the synchromesh pulley (on the motor) and make sure the helical winding on the cable is lined up with the matching indentations in the groove of the pulley.

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner7.png}}

The tensioner parts need to be adjusted in the X direction (up and down in these images) to make the cable parallel with the steel rods.  (However, the portion of the cable between the two pulleys doesn't have to be parallel with anything.)  Loosen the three screws (the ones shown here with three washers under the head of each) just enough so they can be slid along their slots.  Slide each tensioner along its slot until the bit of cable between that tensioner and its nearest pulley is parallel to the steel rods.  There is a groove in the aluminum extrusion that can be used as a guide, as the groove is already parallel to the rods:  move your head until the groove lines up with the cable.

Adjust the tensioners in this way, then pull on the small loop to tighten the cable some more, then adjust the tensioners again.

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner8.png}}

Tighten the three screws.  The tensioner blocks will probably try to slide around while you tighten the screws, so get a good grip on the block while you tighten, and check alignment again after they are tight.

So far we have adjusted the angle of the cable in the X-Y plane.  We must also check the angle of the cable in the Z-Y plane.  This can be observed by looking at the cable from infinity along the X axis.

Looking from the side at the portion of the cable between the synchomesh pulley and the tensioner nearest to it:

[[http://bukobot.com/_media/wiki:jitsbuild:cable-tilt_large.png|{{wiki:jitsbuild:cable-tilt.png}}]]

(Click the image to see a more detailed version)

In this image, the nearby steel rod is visible just below the cable, and is somewhat out of focus.  But as you move your eye along the bottom edge of the cable from right to left, you can clearly see that the distance between the cable and the rod increases.  This is because the synchromesh pulley (out of frame to the left) is too high.  If you move the carriage to the left, this angle would increase.

If your cable is already parallel, you don't need to adjust the pulley.  Otherwise, adjust the pulley by first moving some slack from the small loop back to the big loop, and then use your 1.5mm hex driver to slightly loosen the setscrew on the pulley.  Shift the pulley up or down on the motor shaft until the cable is parallel, then tighten the pulley setscrew.  Tighten the cable once more, making sure the cable is fitting onto the pulley properly.

(If you have already gotten rid of all the slack in the smaller loop, as described below, you can get enough slack to get the cable off the pulleys by loosening the tensioner screw, the long flat-head one.)

Next, check the portion of cable between the Y front end pulley (the one without the motor) and its nearest tensioner.  If it needs adjustment, you have to remove the M8 bolt and nut and bearing/pulley and adjust the number of washers.  You need at least one washer there, but you can add more.  On this build, two were needed to get the cable flat.  (Make sure you relieve the tension in the cable before you start to loosen that bolt!)

After checking the cable alignment in that plane, you need to go back and check the alignment in the first plane again.  Every time you adjust one of these things, you have to go back and check all the others.  This is because the procedure described here uses visual cues such as the edges of things or that groove, which means you are looking along a direction which is almost but not exactly parallel with one of the axes;  therefore, each adjustment be not quite orthogonal with any of the axes, and will affect two measurements.

So go back and forth between the planes, iteratively, until everything is close enough.  After each step, make sure the cable is tight, as tight as you can get it by pulling on the small loop with your hand.

Now take a careful look at the entire Y axis.  Double-check everything:  how the bearings fit into their holders, how the cable fits, and so on.  When you are satisfied, take the slack out of the smaller loop.  Grab the loose end of the cable and pull.  It will take a bit of force to get the cable completely into the slot on the tensioner:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner9.png}}

There is a lot of cable hanging out of this assembly.  Don't cut all that off.  If you ever need to completely disassemble this, you will need some of that slack to get it back together again.  For now, wrap the cable around the carriage:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-tensioner10.png}}

Now you can tighten the tensioner adjustment screw as shown above to tighten the cable further, until it is as taut as a guitar string.  Plunk the portion of the cable between the two pulleys and adjust the screw with the 2mm driver until it sounds about like a low E string.

If you haven't installed the endstop yet, [[jitsbuild-y-backend|do that]] now, but don't completely tighten the screws that hold the endstop holder onto the Y back end.  If you have already installed the endstop, loosen those screws enough so that the endstop can be slid back and forth.

Slide the endstop holder all the way back, away from the carriage.

Move the carriage all the way back toward the motor until something stops it.  Then back away a little bit.  Move the endstop switch toward the carriage until the switch is fully depressed:

{{wiki:jitsbuild:y-endstop-set.png}}

Tighten the two screws, then move the carriage away from the endstop, listening for the click the switch makes when it opens.  The signal sent from the switch to the controller should prevent the carriage from ever moving that far back again.

Secure the wires so nothing will snag on them while you work with the Y axis, and set it aside.




[[jitsbuild-yaxis|Next:  Y axis]]

//The contents of this page may be re-used under any of the following licenses:  The [[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/|Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (CC BY-SA 3.0)]], or the [[http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html|GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL, version 1.2 or later)]].//
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